:root {
  --essay-paper: #f2efdf;
  --essay-ink: #11110f;
  --essay-acid: #c8ff35;
  --essay-orange: #ff5938;
  --essay-blue: #8fb9ff;
  --essay-muted: #57564e;
  --essay-rule: rgba(17,17,15,.26);
}

.essay-body {
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 280px;
  min-height: 100svh;
  margin: 0;
  overflow-x: clip;
  color: var(--essay-ink);
  background: var(--essay-paper);
}

.essay-skip {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 10;
  top: 8px;
  left: 8px;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  color: var(--essay-paper);
  background: var(--essay-ink);
  transform: translateY(-160%);
}

.essay-skip:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.essay-shell {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: none;
  min-height: 100svh;
  margin: 0;
  padding: clamp(20px,4vw,58px);
  display: block;
  background: var(--essay-paper);
}

.essay-masthead {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  padding-bottom: 15px;
  border-bottom: 3px solid var(--essay-ink);
}

.essay-masthead nav {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px 20px;
}

.essay-masthead nav a {
  font-size: .7rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: .09em;
  text-underline-offset: 4px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.essay-heading {
  padding: clamp(62px,10vw,130px) 0 clamp(46px,8vw,92px);
}

.essay-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 9px;
  margin-bottom: clamp(36px,6vw,68px);
}

.essay-meta span,
.essay-meta time {
  padding: 7px 10px;
  border: 1px solid var(--essay-ink);
  font-size: .65rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.essay-meta span:first-child {
  color: var(--essay-paper);
  background: var(--essay-ink);
}

.essay-kicker {
  margin: 0 0 22px;
  color: var(--essay-muted);
  font-size: .72rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: .13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.essay-heading h1 {
  max-width: 10ch;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(3.2rem,9.8vw,8.5rem);
  line-height: .82;
  letter-spacing: -.078em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.essay-heading h1 span {
  color: var(--essay-blue);
  -webkit-text-stroke: 2px var(--essay-ink);
  paint-order: stroke fill;
}

.essay-deck {
  max-width: 51ch;
  margin: clamp(34px,6vw,68px) 0 0 auto;
  color: #32322d;
  font: clamp(1.2rem,2.25vw,1.8rem)/1.35 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;
}

.essay-byline {
  max-width: 49rem;
  margin: 30px 0 0 auto;
  padding-top: 18px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--essay-rule);
}

.essay-byline div {
  display: grid;
  gap: 4px;
}

.essay-byline strong {
  font-size: .88rem;
}

.essay-byline span,
.essay-byline p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--essay-muted);
  font-size: .69rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: .07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.essay-note {
  width: min(100%,780px);
  margin: 0 auto clamp(50px,8vw,90px);
  padding: 18px 20px;
  display: grid;
  gap: 8px;
  border: 2px solid var(--essay-ink);
  box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 var(--essay-ink);
  background: var(--essay-blue);
}

.essay-note strong {
  font-size: .78rem;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.essay-note span {
  font: .94rem/1.55 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;
}

.essay-copy {
  width: min(100%,760px);
  margin-inline: auto;
  font: clamp(1.08rem,1.7vw,1.31rem)/1.78 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.essay-copy p {
  margin: 0 0 1.55em;
}

.essay-opening {
  font-size: 1.18em;
}

.essay-opening::first-letter {
  float: left;
  margin: .09em .12em 0 0;
  color: var(--essay-orange);
  font: 900 4.8em/.72 Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
}

.essay-copy h2 {
  margin: clamp(52px,9vw,94px) 0 24px;
  font: 950 clamp(2rem,5vw,4.1rem)/.92 Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: -.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.essay-copy blockquote {
  margin: clamp(48px,8vw,84px) calc(clamp(0px,5vw,60px) * -1);
  padding: clamp(24px,5vw,50px);
  border: 0;
  color: var(--essay-paper);
  background: var(--essay-ink);
  transform: rotate(-.45deg);
}

.essay-copy blockquote p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--essay-acid);
  font: 900 clamp(1.7rem,4vw,3.1rem)/1.03 Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: -.04em;
}

.essay-copy .light-quote {
  color: var(--essay-ink);
  background: var(--essay-blue);
  transform: rotate(.35deg);
  border: 2px solid var(--essay-ink);
}

.essay-copy .light-quote p {
  color: var(--essay-ink);
}

.fact-stack {
  margin: 42px 0 54px;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  border-top: 3px solid var(--essay-ink);
}

.fact-stack li {
  padding: 16px 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(90px, .8fr) 2fr;
  gap: 20px;
  align-items: baseline;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--essay-rule);
}

.fact-stack strong {
  color: var(--essay-orange);
  font: 950 clamp(1.6rem,3.2vw,2.6rem)/1 Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: -.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.fact-stack span {
  font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
  font-weight: 800;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
}

.perspective-split {
  margin: 44px calc(clamp(0px,5vw,60px) * -1) 54px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  border: 2px solid var(--essay-ink);
  box-shadow: 8px 8px 0 var(--essay-ink);
}

.perspective-split > div {
  padding: clamp(24px,4vw,40px);
}

.perspective-split > div + div {
  border-left: 2px solid var(--essay-ink);
  background: var(--essay-blue);
}

.perspective-split span {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  font: 900 .7rem/1 Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.perspective-split p {
  margin: 0;
  font: 900 clamp(1.15rem,2.3vw,1.7rem)/1.15 Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: -.035em;
}

.thought-stack {
  margin: 34px 0 50px;
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--essay-ink);
}

.thought-stack span {
  padding: 16px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--essay-rule);
  font: 800 1rem/1.35 Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
}

.thought-stack span:nth-child(odd) {
  padding-left: clamp(0px,3vw,28px);
}

.thought-stack span:nth-child(even) {
  padding-left: clamp(18px,7vw,70px);
}

.essay-copy .balance-quote {
  background: var(--essay-paper);
  color: var(--essay-ink);
  border: 3px solid var(--essay-ink);
  transform: none;
}

.essay-copy .balance-quote p {
  color: var(--essay-ink);
}

.essay-copy .balance-quote p:nth-child(2) {
  margin: 14px 0;
  color: var(--essay-muted);
  font-size: .9rem;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.essay-closing {
  margin-top: clamp(58px,10vw,110px)!important;
  padding: 32px 0;
  border-top: 3px solid var(--essay-ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--essay-rule);
  font-size: 1.2em;
  font-style: italic;
}

.essay-footer {
  width: min(100%,760px);
  margin: clamp(60px,10vw,110px) auto 0;
  padding-top: 24px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--essay-ink);
}

.essay-footer div {
  display: grid;
  gap: 5px;
}

.essay-footer span,
.essay-footer a {
  font-size: .68rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: .09em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.essay-footer a {
  text-underline-offset: 4px;
}

@media (max-width:640px) {
  .essay-masthead {
    align-items: flex-start;
  }

  .essay-heading h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.25rem,12vw,4.8rem);
  }

  .essay-deck {
    margin-left: 0;
  }

  .essay-byline,
  .essay-footer {
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .essay-copy blockquote {
    margin-inline: 0;
    transform: none;
  }

  .fact-stack li {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 4px;
  }

  .perspective-split {
    margin-inline: 0;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 var(--essay-ink);
  }

  .perspective-split > div + div {
    border-left: 0;
    border-top: 2px solid var(--essay-ink);
  }
}

@media (min-width:641px) and (max-width:900px) {
  .essay-copy blockquote,
  .perspective-split {
    margin-inline: 0;
    transform: none;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce) {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    scroll-behavior: auto!important;
  }
}

@media print {
  .essay-body,
  .essay-shell {
    color: #000;
    background: #fff;
  }

  .essay-skip,
  .essay-masthead nav {
    display: none;
  }

  .essay-shell {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0;
  }

  .essay-copy blockquote,
  .essay-copy .light-quote,
  .essay-copy .balance-quote,
  .perspective-split,
  .perspective-split > div + div,
  .essay-note {
    color: #000;
    background: #fff;
    border: 2px solid #000;
    box-shadow: none;
    transform: none;
  }

  .essay-copy blockquote p,
  .essay-copy .light-quote p,
  .essay-copy .balance-quote p {
    color: #000;
  }
}

/* Essay 02: a quieter editorial layout, with the author's text unchanged. */
@media screen {
  .essay-body {
    --essay-paper: #f8f6f0;
    --essay-ink: #202a26;
    --essay-muted: #53615a;
    --essay-rule: #cccfc5;
    --essay-orange: #3b6654;
    --essay-blue: #e5ebe3;
    --essay-acid: #e9efdb;
    background: var(--essay-paper);
  }
  .essay-shell { width: min(100%, 1360px); margin: 0 auto; padding: 28px clamp(20px, 5vw, 72px) 60px; }
  .essay-masthead { min-height: 60px; padding-bottom: 20px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--essay-rule); }
  .essay-masthead .wordmark { font-size: 1rem; letter-spacing: -.035em; }
  .essay-masthead nav a { font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .015em; text-transform: none; }
  .essay-masthead a:hover, .essay-footer a:hover { text-decoration-thickness: 2px; }
  .essay-shell a:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid #3b6654; outline-offset: 5px; }
  .essay-heading { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.4fr) minmax(0, 1fr); column-gap: 64px; padding: 54px 0 48px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--essay-rule); }
  .essay-meta { grid-column: 1 / -1; margin: 0 0 44px; gap: 20px; }
  .essay-meta span, .essay-meta time { padding: 0; border: 0; font-size: .65rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .09em; }
  .essay-meta span:first-child { color: var(--essay-ink); background: none; }
  .essay-meta span:first-child::before { content: ''; display: inline-block; width: 7px; height: 7px; margin-right: 8px; border-radius: 50%; background: #3b6654; }
  .essay-kicker { grid-column: 1 / -1; margin: 0 0 18px; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .065em; }
  .essay-heading h1 { grid-column: 1; max-width: none; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: 400; font-size: clamp(3.4rem, 6.1vw, 5.5rem); line-height: 1.02; letter-spacing: -.065em; text-transform: none; overflow-wrap: normal; }
  .essay-heading h1 span { color: #3b6654; -webkit-text-stroke: 0; font-style: italic; }
  .essay-deck { grid-column: 2; align-self: end; max-width: 32ch; margin: 0 0 7px; color: var(--essay-ink); font: 1.16rem/1.6 Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; }
  .essay-byline { grid-column: 1 / -1; width: 100%; max-width: none; margin: 32px 0 0; padding-top: 20px; border-top: 1px solid var(--essay-rule); align-items: center; }
  .essay-byline strong { font-size: .8rem; font-weight: 600; }
  .essay-byline span, .essay-byline p { font-size: .66rem; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: .02em; text-transform: none; line-height: 1.6; }
  .essay-note { width: min(100%, 680px); margin: 38px auto 44px; padding: 0 0 0 18px; border: 0; border-left: 2px solid #8b9f90; box-shadow: none; background: none; }
  .essay-note strong { font-size: .67rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .045em; }
  .essay-note span { color: var(--essay-muted); font: .92rem/1.6 Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; }
  .essay-copy { width: min(100%, 680px); font-size: 1.17rem; line-height: 1.75; color: #2b3430; }
  .essay-copy p { margin-bottom: 1.1em; }
  .essay-opening { font-size: 1.22em; }
  .essay-opening::first-letter { float: none; margin: 0; color: inherit; font: inherit; }
  .essay-copy h2 { margin: 64px 0 22px; padding-top: 24px; border-top: 1px solid var(--essay-rule); color: var(--essay-ink); font: 400 clamp(1.75rem, 3.6vw, 2.55rem)/1.14 Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; letter-spacing: -.035em; text-transform: none; }
  .essay-copy blockquote, .essay-copy .light-quote, .essay-copy .balance-quote { margin: 38px 0; padding: 28px 30px; border: 0; border-left: 3px solid #3b6654; background: #e5ebe3; transform: none; }
  .essay-copy blockquote p, .essay-copy .light-quote p, .essay-copy .balance-quote p { color: #263b30; font: 400 clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.1rem)/1.3 Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; letter-spacing: -.025em; }
  .essay-copy .balance-quote p:nth-child(2) { color: var(--essay-muted); font: .67rem/1.5 Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; letter-spacing: .06em; }
  .fact-stack { margin: 30px 0 36px; border-top: 1px solid var(--essay-rule); }
  .fact-stack li { padding: 16px 0; grid-template-columns: minmax(100px, .8fr) 2fr; gap: 24px; }
  .fact-stack strong { color: #3b6654; font: 400 1.55rem/1.1 Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; letter-spacing: -.02em; text-transform: none; }
  .fact-stack span { font-size: .78rem; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .015em; text-transform: none; }
  .perspective-split { margin: 36px 0; border: 1px solid var(--essay-rule); box-shadow: none; background: #f0f0e8; }
  .perspective-split > div { min-width: 0; padding: 26px; }
  .perspective-split > div + div { border-left: 1px solid var(--essay-rule); background: #e5ebe3; }
  .perspective-split span { color: var(--essay-muted); margin-bottom: 15px; font: 500 .62rem/1.4 Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; letter-spacing: .07em; }
  .perspective-split p { font: 400 1.22rem/1.4 Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; letter-spacing: -.02em; }
  .thought-stack { margin: 28px 0 36px; border-top: 1px solid var(--essay-rule); }
  .thought-stack span { padding: 14px 0; font: 400 .92rem/1.5 Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; }
  .thought-stack span:nth-child(odd), .thought-stack span:nth-child(even) { padding-left: 0; }
  .essay-closing { margin-top: 60px!important; padding: 28px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--essay-rule); font-size: 1.05em; }
  .essay-footer { width: min(100%, 680px); margin: 44px auto 0; padding-top: 22px; border-top: 1px solid var(--essay-rule); }
  .essay-footer span, .essay-footer a { color: var(--essay-muted); font-size: .64rem; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: .04em; }
}
@media screen and (max-width: 780px) {
  .essay-heading { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); padding-top: 36px; }
  .essay-heading h1, .essay-deck { grid-column: 1; }
  .essay-heading h1 { max-width: 14ch; font-size: clamp(2.9rem, 8.7vw, 4.3rem); }
  .essay-deck { max-width: 46ch; margin-top: 26px; font-size: 1.08rem; }
  .essay-meta { gap: 14px; margin-bottom: 34px; }
  .essay-byline { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }
  .essay-masthead { gap: 14px; align-items: center; }
  .essay-masthead nav { gap: 12px; }
  .essay-copy { font-size: 1.08rem; }
  .essay-copy h2 { margin-top: 46px; }
  .essay-copy blockquote, .essay-copy .light-quote, .essay-copy .balance-quote { padding: 22px; }
  .perspective-split { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .perspective-split > div + div { border-left: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--essay-rule); }
  .fact-stack li { grid-template-columns: minmax(70px, .65fr) 1.5fr; gap: 14px; }
}